The largest cities in the South Franconian area are Karlsruhe and Heilbronn. Where a stressed syllable has an initial vowel, it is preceded by, This page was last edited on 16 October 2020, at 18:55. Ulrich Ammon, Hans Bickel, Jakob Ebner, et al. ISO 639-1 Language Codes. The three genders have collapsed in the plural. The largest cities in the Alemannic area are Stuttgart and Zürich. Thus, Notker Labeo was able to translate Aristotelian treatises into pure (Old High) German in the decades after the year 1000. There is no general agreement on where letters with umlauts occur in the sorting sequence. "; Idiomatic: "Are you going along?"). German language, official language of both Germany and Austria and one of the official languages of Switzerland. The German dialects are the traditional local varieties of the language; many of them are not mutually intelligibile with standard German, and they have great differences in lexicon, phonology, and syntax. However, German's flexible word order allows one to emphasise specific words: The flexible word order also allows one to use language "tools" (such as poetic meter and figures of speech) more freely. page. As defined by Microsoft, a locale is either a language or a language in combination with a country. Likewise, the gh in Germanic English words, pronounced in several different ways in modern English (as an f or not at all), can often be linked to German ch: "to laugh" → lachen, "through" → durch, "high" → hoch, "naught" → nichts, "light" → leicht or Licht, "sight" → Sicht, "daughter" → Tochter, "neighbour" → Nachbar. The codes below, which are sorted alphabetically by language (not language … It derives the majority of its vocabulary from the ancient Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. A great wealth of texts survives from the MHG period. Pforte, Tafel, Mauer, Käse, Köln from Latin porta, tabula, murus, caseus, Colonia). In the United Kingdom, German and French are the most sought-after foreign languages for businesses (with 49% and 50% of businesses identifying these two languages as the most useful, respectively). Having just emerged from the High German consonant shift, OHG was also a relatively new and volatile language still undergoing a number of phonetic, phonological, morphological, and syntactic changes. [8] At this point monasteries, where most written works were produced, were dominated by Latin, and German saw only occasional use in official and ecclesiastical writing. the Deutsche Höhere Privatschule Windhoek), literature (German-Namibian authors include Giselher W. Hoffmann), radio (the Namibian Broadcasting Corporation produces radio programs in German), and music (e.g. With four cases and three genders plus plural, there are 16 permutations of case and gender/number of the article (not the nouns), but there are only six forms of the definite article, which together cover all 16 permutations. The Middle High German period is generally seen as ending when the 1346-53 Black Death decimated Europe's population.[12]. German belongs to the West Germanic group of the Indo-European language family, along with English, Frisian, and Dutch (Netherlandic, Flemish). Let’s see the Arabic (Egypt) – ar_EG locale code. Thus, Lache is homographous between [laːxə] Lache "puddle" and [laxə] Lache "manner of laughing" (colloquial) or lache! It comprises an estimated 88 million native speakers and 10 million who speak German as a second language (e.g. In most regions, the speakers use a continuum from more dialectal varieties to more standard varieties depending on the circumstances. "place/area/room of a language": area where a certain language is spoken, lit. "wonder child": child prodigy, whiz kid, lit. Internationalization Best Practices: Specifying Language in XHTML & HTML Content. Currently, only the first rule is in effect, making the correct spellings Füße, passt, and dass. These dialects are considered as. From Valdivia to the Aysén Region this game is called bochas, in contrast to the word bolitas used further north. Some prefixes have a specific meaning; the prefix zer- refers to destruction, as in zerreißen (to tear apart), zerbrechen (to break apart), zerschneiden (to cut apart). Some dialects are not intelligible to people who know only Standard German. The Upper German dialects are the Alemannic dialects in the west and the Bavarian dialects in the east. The size of the vocabulary of German is difficult to estimate. The English influence was already present in the 19th century, but it did not become dominant until the second half of the 20th century. The primary effects of the shift were the following below. The states (Bundesländer) of North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria refused to accept it. Their origin is thus no longer recognizable for most speakers (e.g. Due to the German diaspora as well as German being the second most widely spoken language in Europe and the third most widely taught foreign language in the US,[23] and the EU (in upper secondary education),[24] amongst others, the geographical distribution of German speakers (or "Germanophones") spans all inhabited continents. The longest German word verified to be actually in (albeit very limited) use is Rindfleischetikettierungsüberwachungsaufgabenübertragungsgesetz, which, literally translated, is "beef labelling supervision duties assignment law" [from Rind (cattle), Fleisch (meat), Etikettierung(s) (labelling), Überwachung(s) (supervision), Aufgaben (duties), Übertragung(s) (assignment), Gesetz (law)]. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Capital ß (ẞ) was ultimately adopted into German orthography in 2017, ending a long orthographic debate (thus "KREẞLEIN and KRESSLEIN"). It is the Austrian counterpart to the German Duden and contains a number of terms unique to Austrian German or more frequently used or differently pronounced there. These variants of the Latin alphabet are very different from the serif or sans-serif Antiqua typefaces used today, and the handwritten forms in particular are difficult for the untrained to read. Many Antiqua typefaces also include the long s. A specific set of rules applies for the use of long s in German text, but nowadays it is rarely used in Antiqua typesetting. German is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe. They will then understand what is said to them because it is German. In nouns, inflection for case is required in the singular for strong masculine and neuter nouns only in the genitive and in the dative (only in fixed or archaic expressions), and even this is losing ground to substitutes in informal speech.

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