When Cristóbal Balenciaga was twelve-years-old, Marquess2 de Casa Torres, a noblewoman, who was a client of his mother, noticed his fascination towards women clothing and provided him with the opportunity to get formal training, working as a tailor’s apprentice in Madrid. [2] His father was a simple fisherman who died when Cristobal was a boy, and his mother a seamstress. [3] When he was a teenager, the Marchioness de Casa Torres, the foremost noblewoman in his town, became his customer and patron. Cristóbal Balenciaga was forced to shut shop and move to Paris when the Spanish Civil War started in 1936 and he opened the ‘Balenciaga’ store at 10 Avenue George V in August 1937. His passion to create perfection was one of the biggest reasons why he was popular not only amongst his crème-de-la-crème clients, but also his contemporaries. Also Known As: Cristóbal Balenciaga Eizaguirre, See the events in life of Cristóbal Balenciaga in Chronological Order. cried the Daily Mirror. With the methodical skill of an expert tailor, he created garments of … [2][3] He opened his Paris couture house on Avenue George V in August 1937. Omissions?

[3] Balenciaga died on 23 March 1972 in Xàbia, Spain. Although he was extremely popular for his craft, he gave only one interview in his 50 year career.

1895. As Gvasalia said of his latest collection, which drew heavily on iconic pieces by the house-founder "It is important to know the past in order to build the future". In 1959, his work culminated in the Empire line, with high-waisted dresses and coats cut like kimonos. Cristóbal Balenciaga (21 January 1895 – 23 March 1972) was a Spanish fashion designer and the founder of Balenciaga fashion house. Every collection that he presented had at least one attire which was completely constructed by him. Flamenco dresses, matador outfits and black lace – seen in the traditional mantilla shawls worn by women at special ceremonies and during Spanish Holy Week – were also frequent motifs. He decided to retire and closed his fashion houses in Paris, Barcelona and Madrid, one after the other. In 1957 he shocked the fashion world with the introduction of the 'sack dress', a straight up and down shift dress which completely eliminated the waist. Like many of Balenciaga's most radical designs, this look eventually filtered into the mainstream. Cristóbal Balenciaga (21 January 1895 – 23 March 1972) was a Spanish fashion designer and the founder of Balenciaga fashion house. Cristobal Balenciaga designed the wedding dress of Fabiola de Mora y Aragon during her marriage to Baudouin I of Belgium. An important protagonist for this period was Cristobal Balenciaga. Many of the 1,200 pieces in the collection were supplied by his pupil Hubert de Givenchy and clients such as Grace Kelly. Balenciaga's legacyUnlike some other high-profile designers of the era, Balenciaga was a very private individual. In 1951, he totally transformed the silhouette, broadening the shoulders and removing the waist. Born in 1895 in Getaria, a small fishing village in the Basque region of northern Spain, Cristóbal Balenciaga was introduced to fashion by his mother, who was a seamstress. The most eye-catching designer of this period was Balenciaga because of his structural designs, which had never before been seen in the fashion world. Corrections? Cristóbal Balenciaga, (born Jan. 21, 1895, Guetaria, Spain—died March 23, 1972, Valencia), Spanish dress designer who created elegant ball gowns and other classic designs. He also inspired top fashion designers like Hubert de Givenchy, Mila Schön, Oscar de la RentaCristobal Balenciaga, Emanuel Ungaro, and André Courrèges. 1959. The Queen later donated her wedding dress to the Cristóbal Balenciaga Foundation. The house on Avenue Georges V quickly became the city's most expensive and exclusive couturier. Her clients included the most fashionable and glamorous women in the village.

Cristóbal Balenciaga Eizaguirre (pronounced [kɾisˈtoβal βalenˈθjaɣa ejθaˈɣire]; 21 January 1895 – 23 March 1972) was a Spanish fashion designer, and the founder of the Balenciaga fashion house. His mother, Maria Martina Eizaguirre Embil, was a seamstress and father, José Balenciaga Basurto. These looks caused customers to travel from all over the world for his outfits. In 1968 the house of Balenciaga closed, and he retired. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cristobal-Balenciaga, The Metropolitan Museum of Art - Biography of Cristobal Balenciaga. He had a reputation as a couturier of uncompromising standards and was referred to as "the master of us all" by Christian Dior and as "the only couturier in the truest sense of the word" by Coco Chanel, who continued, "The others are simply fashion designers". His mother was a seamstress, and as a child, he spent much time with her when working. Cristóbal Balenciaga, Silk Gazar Evening Dress, ca. Only he is capable of cutting material, assembling a creation and sewing it by hand, the others are simply fashion designers. His first Parisian collection was an immediate success establishing him as one of the best couturiers of the time, and earning the House of Balenciaga the reputation for being an expensive yet exclusive boutique. Shaping fashionIn the 1950s, the later phase of his career, Balenciaga pioneered new shapes never before seen in women's fashion. Haute couture is like an orchestra whose conductor is Balenciaga. [6], He created many designs for socialite Aline Griffith, diplomat Margarita Salaverría Galárraga, and designer Meye Allende de Maier, considering them his muses. In 1951, he totally transformed the silhouette, broadening the shoulders and removing the waist. The business became successful expanding to Barcelona and Madrid. However, the brand was later revived by his ardent followers and is presently owned by the Kering Group. While in Paris, he opened a couture house in August 1937. He could make patterns, drape and cut cloth, sew and finish a garment by himself. His often spare, sculptural creations were considered masterworks of haute couture in the 1950s and 1960s. Cristóbal Balenciaga was the consummate professional — a total perfectionist. Hispano americano, Volume 60, Issues 1539-1552, Tiempo, 1971, pg 72, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Last edited on 24 September 2020, at 00:49, "Cristóbal Balenciaga | Spanish designer", "Las nietas de las damas de la alta sociedad homenajean a Balenciaga", "Balenciaga dies: fashion archive, 20 March 1972", "A Spanish Night for Balenciaga in San Francisco", "375 invitados arropan a la Reina Sofía en la inauguración del Museo Balenciaga", "Abre el museo Balenciaga, el primero dedicado a un modisto", Cristóbal Balenciaga at Chicago History Museum Digital Collections, "Cristóbal Balenciaga 1950s Tailored Suits", Balenciaga library collection at the BelMal Malletier Fashion Library (Belgium), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristóbal_Balenciaga&oldid=979997854, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 24 September 2020, at 00:49. At the age of twelve, he began work as the apprentice of a tailor. Referred to as the ‘couturier’s couturier’, Balenciaga had supreme mastery over each and every process involved in making an ensemble. He created the ‘Sack Dress’ in 1957, which was a loose and comfortable dress without a clinched waist, totally revolutionising the shape of women’s fashion. He liked to dress women who had a strong sense of style and his clients were often extremely loyal. (Irvine, 2013)[14] Compared to some work like the New Look from Christian Dior, which featured full skirts and a tiny waist,[15] Balenciaga changed these to look like the one-seam Yoki coat, or to voluminous looks.

[2] The Spanish royal family and the aristocracy wore his designs, but when the Spanish Civil War forced him to close his stores, Balenciaga moved to Paris. Born in 1895 in Getaria, a small fishing village in the Basque region of northern Spain, Cristóbal Balenciaga was introduced to fashion by his mother, who was a seamstress. On the day of his death, in 1972, Women's Wear Daily ran the headline "The king is dead".

French designer Emanuel Ungaro, who trained with Balenciaga, said it was he who "laid the foundations of modernity" in fashion, and both Ungaro and Andre Courrèges, another Balenciaga protégé, took forward their teacher's minimalist aesthetic into the space-age chic of the 1960s. In the next 15 years Balenciaga became the leading couturier of Spain. Fragrantica has a unique user-driven classification system and you may classify Eau de Cristobal by Balenciaga. What set him apart was his finesse and deep understanding of cloth and tailoring, which helped him imagine and create masterpieces that no one else could even think about.

In 1959, his work culminated in the Empire line, with high-waisted dresses and coats cut like kimonos. He had a reputation as a couturier of uncompromising standards and was referred to as "the master of us all" by Christian Dior and as "the only couturier in the truest sense of the word" by Coco Chanel, who continued, "The others are simply fashion designers".

Despite his allusive nature, Balenciaga led a revolution in fashion, and has consistently been revered by his contemporaries, including the likes of Christian Dior and Coco Chanel, and the fashion leaders of today. He also designed for the Spanish royalty. He created marvellous evening gowns, for which the French word “frou-frou” is barely adequate. He came out with several stunning designs while refining already existing ones. When d'Attainville died in 1948, Balenciaga was so broken he considered closing the business. His most famous clients were Mona von Bismarck, Grace Kelly, Ava Gardner, Audrey Hepburn and Jackie Kennedy.

This Spanish fashion designer was known as "The King of Fashion" and was one of the great masterminds of the period. Cristóbal Balenciaga Eizaguirre (pronounced [kɾisˈtoβal βalenˈθjaɣa ejθaˈɣire]; 21 January 1895 – 23 March 1972) was a Spanish fashion designer, and the founder of the Balenciaga fashion house. The sack dress was the forerunner of the ubiquitous mini-dress of the 1960s – and remains a fashion staple today. [11], During the 1950s designers like Christian Dior, Pierre Balmain, and Coco Chanel, emerged, creating pieces very representative to their fashion houses and to their own styles. Balenciaga was a private person and wasn’t vocal about his sexuality. Cristóbal Balenciaga was a Spanish fashion Moghul who established the house of Balenciaga, which is one of the most reverential haute-couture brands till date. From October 2018 to January 2019, Fort Worth's Kimbell Art Museum presented Balenciaga in Black, with over one hundred black garments and accessories from the collections of the Palais Galliera and Balenciaga Archives in Paris. Cristóbal Balenciaga Eizaguirre was born on January 21, 1895, in Getaria in Spain to Martina Eizaguirre Embil and José Balenciaga Basurto. We other couturiers are the musicians and we follow the direction he gives. While in Paris, he opened a couture house in August 1937. His first trip to Paris at 15 inspired him to become a couturier, and by age 20 he had his own dressmaking establishment at the fashionable summer resort of San Sebastián in Spain. Balenciaga alone is a couturier in the truest sense of the word. Balenciaga closed his stores during the Spanish Civil War and left for Paris. He also closed his fashion houses in Madrid and Barcelona. This filled a significant gap in the Museum's archive, and in 1972 formed the basis of the groundbreaking 1972 exhibition Fashion: an Anthology by Cecil Beaton.

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