", "I help discover small, rocky, potentially habitable planets orbiting other stars in our galactic neighborhood. The agency’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft spiraled down … “We are thrilled TESS is on its way to help us discover worlds we have yet to imagine, worlds that could possibly be habitable, or harbor life,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington. The launch carried the observatory to parking orbit inclined by 28.5 degrees. Follow-up observations by other other observatories have produced the most detailed look yet at the early moments of these star-destroying occurrences. TESS is finding planets ranging from small, rocky worlds to giant planets, showcasing the diversity of planets in the galaxy. TESS has four identical, highly optimized, red-sensitive, wide-field cameras that together can monitor a 24 degree by 90 degree strip of the sky. The orbit places the spacecraft in a 2:1 resonance with the Moon and is inclined with respect to the Ecliptic plane. The orbit sequence for TESS: first, a parking orbit (green), followed by a phasing orbit (yellow) with a lunar gravity assist which puts TESS into its final orbit (red), which is in a 2:1 resonance with the Moon (orbit in white). Commissioning was successfully completed, and science operations began on July 25, 2018. The discovery was announced on October 5, 2018. The observatory orbits with a period of ~13.7 days in a 2:1 resonance with the Moon. This timeframe includes the nominal 4-h period for Ka-band science data downlink using NASA's Deep Space Network (DSN). TESS will stare for a month at a time at slices of the sky, seeking small dips in the light we see from stars as planets pass across them. NASA ROSES-20 Amendment 63: D.6 TESS Guest Investigator Cycle 4 Revised Text and Phase-1 Due Date Delay. The resources allocated to Guest programs allow an additional 20,000 celestial bodies to be observed. It orbits its star at a distance of 932,000 kilometres (579,000 mi). A Ka-band dish antenna provides a 100 Mbit/s science downlink. [32] Of those discoveries, an estimated 20 could be super-Earths located in the habitable zone around a star. Kepler, which launched in 2009, focused on one portion of the sky and sought to find Earth-like planets. [68], As of September 2019, over 1000 TESS Objects of Interest (ToI) have been listed in the public database,[69] at least 29 of which are confirmed planets, about 20 of which within the stated goal of the mission of Earth-sized (<4 Earth radii). Example: 14 Andromedae b, Super Earths, a class of planets unlike any in our solar system—more massive than Earth yet lighter than gas giants like Neptune, which can be made of gas, rock or a combination of both. This resonance means that perturbations from the moon’s gravity are roughly averaged to zero, because the moon is always leading or lagging TESS by 90 degrees at apogee. [20] In 2008, MIT proposed that TESS become a full NASA mission and submitted it for the Small Explorer program at Goddard Space Flight Center,[20] but it was not selected. The total delta-v budget for orbit maneuvers was 215 m/s (710 ft/s), which is 80% of the mission's total available reserves. Astronomers predict that TESS will discover dozens of Earth-sized planets and up to 500 planets less than twice the size of Earth.

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